Abstract： Objective To analyze the difference of dosimetric parameters between pre-plan and post-plan of 125I radioactive seed implantation assisted by 3D printing individual non-coplanar template (3D printing template) for locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).Methods From February 2016 to April 2016,a total of 10 patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer received 125I seeds implantation under CT guidance assisted by 3D printing template in Department of Radiation Oncology,Peking University Third Hospital.Each patient underwent CT simulation,three-dimentional treatment planning pre-implantation,3D printing template design,radioactive seed implantation assisted by 3D printing template and dosimetric verification post implantation.The median activity of seed was 0.63 mCi (0.58 to 0.7 mCi) (2.15-2.59 × 107 Bq),and the median number of seeds was 80 (19 to 192).D90,D100,V100,V150,CI,EI,HI,D500,D2cc of bladder and bowel of pre-plan and post-plan were calculated,respectively.Paired t test was used to evaluate the difference of dosimetric parameters between pre-plan and post-plan.Results The median D90 of pre-plan and post-plan were 13 761.0 and 12 798.8 cGy,respectively.The median D100 of pre-plan and post-plan were 5 293.6 and 5 397.9 cGy,respectively.The median V100 of pre-plan and postplan were 90.0％ and 90.0％,respectively.The median V150 of pre-plan and post-plan were 63.8％ and 62.4％,respectively.The median CI of pre-plan and post-plan were 0.73 and 0.67.The median EI of preplan and post-plan were 0.22 and 0.30,respectively.The median HI of pre-plan and post-plan were 0.29and 0.31.The median bladder D2cc of pre-plan and post-plan were 3 088.8 and 4 240.4 cGy,respectively.The median bowel D2cc of pre-plan and post-plan were 7 051.6 and 7 903.9 cGy,respectively.Conclusions 3D printing template might be helpful for locally recurrent rectal cancer patients who received 125I radioactive seed implantation assisted by 3D printing individual template.Seed implantation might have more chances to achieve prescription dose and dose limitation of organs at risk of pre-plan,which is important for precise implantation and quality control.