Abstract： Objective To analyze the association of stroke and metabolic syndrome as well as its component combinations in Chinese adults. Methods Logistic regression was used to analyze the data,including anthropometric measurement, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids, and histories of smoking, drinking, and anamnesis, of 47 414 subjects, 22 305 males and 2 5105 females, aged 20 - 75,obtained from Chinese National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2002. Results ( 1 ) Blood pressure and waist circumference were the most important factors associated with stroke. Along with the clustering of the risk factors, the subjects became more liable to suffer from stroke. Logistic regression showed that after adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, and LDL-C level, the odd ratio (OR) values of the individuals with one, two, three, and four or more factors were 3.01 (1.89 -4.81),4. 37(2.72 -7.01 ),9.20(5.75 - 14.73 ), and 13.09 (7.98 - 21.49) respectively. (2) The combinations of raised hypertension plus hyperglycemia and low LDL-C and central obesity were the most hazard groups, with the OR values of 16.58(95% CI 8.78 -31.32) for stroke. The OR value for the full metabolic syndrome was 10.79 (95% CI6.81 - 17.10). Hypertriglyceridemia was not an independent risk factor of stroke. (3) The relationships of metabolic risk factors and stroke were various among different age groups. Stroke was not related with blood glucose, blood pressure, serum lipids, and obesity in the subjects under 35 ; in those aged 35 - 55, diastolic Bp and low HDL-C were most significantly related to stroke; as for those above 55, systolic Bp and waist circumference were most significantly related to stroke. Conclusion Central obesity cored metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor of stroke. Different combinations of the components attribute variously to stroke. In people above middle age, stroke is related to metabolic risk factors.