Abstract: Rh alloimmunization can lead to serious fetal complications, such as hemolysis, anemia, edema, and even intrauterine death. However, there is no domestic clinical guideline for prophylaxis and management of Rh alloimmunization. This review aims to interpret the key points from international clinical guidelines, consisting of the timing of routine antibody screening and anti-Rh(D) immunoglobulin prophylaxis strategies for Rh-negative pregnant women, possible sensitization events and anti-D prophylaxis of Rh alloimmunization, and postpartum prophylaxis for unsensitized Rh-negative pregnant women.