Abstract： Objective To study the safety and outcome of catheter ablation in women with atrial fibrillation.Methods A cohort of 1518 consenting cases (1054 male and 464 female) at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2005 to June 2009 were studied.Success was defined as atrial tachyarrhythmia free without any antiarrhythmia drugs for at least 3 months.Clinical presentation and follow-up after operation were compared between genders.Results Women were older [(60 ± 10) years vs (56 ± 12) years,P ＜ 0.01] and were more likely to have hypertension [52.1％ (242/464) vs 30.7％ (323/1054),P ＜ 0.05].The procedure and safety of catheter ablation:acute success rate and complications rate were similar between genders.Follow-up:all cases were followed-up after 6-12months.Repeat ablation percent for women was less than for men,but there was not significant difference [11.9％(55/464) vs 15.5％ (163/1054),P ＞0.05],successful rate of two-times ablation and overall successful rate were similar(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Women with atrial fibrillation show a more complex clinical pre-operative presentation.Despite this higher risk profile in women,no differences are detected in clinical outcomes between women and men.Our findings indicate that catheter ablation would be safe and effective in women with atrial fibrillation.