Abstract： Objective:To investigate and analyze the current status of health management (physical examination) service capabilities of medical institutions in Tianjin in 2021.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Using the census method, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the health management (physical examination) service capabilities of 86 medical institutions in Tianjin in 2021. The questionnaire covered the basic information of the institution, human resources and equipment, physical examination items carried out, the annual number of people receiving physical examination, the degree of informatization, and the completion of quality control indicators. In this survey, a total of 86 questionnaires were distributed and 86 valid questionnaires were collected (100%). Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test were used to compare the differences of health management (physical examination) indicators between public and private medical institutions, and to analyze the current health management (physical examination) service capabilities of medical institutions in Tianjin. Results:Among the 86 medical institutions included in the analysis, 53 (61.6%) were public institutions and 33 (38.4%) were private medical institutions. In terms of basic information, the proportion of comprehensive hospitals and level-3 medical institutions belonging to public institutions, as well as the time of health management (physical examination) business development, were significantly higher than those of private medical institutions [62.3% vs 30.3%, 62.3% vs 0, 11 (7, 5) years vs 7 (5, 10) years], and the proportion of independent setup of the physical examination center and the business area of health management (physical examination) were significantly lower than those of private institutions[33.3% vs 98.1%, 1 011 (600, 1 000) m 2 vs 2 000 (1 395, 2 782) m 2] (all P<0.05). In terms of practitioners, there were 2 964 health management (physical examination) practitioners in Tianjin in 2021, aged 43 (35, 56) years. The proportion of male practitioners, part-time practitioners, nurses, practitioners with intermediate professional title, chief inspection physician, health management specialist in public institutions and the time engaged in health management work of employees were all significantly higher than those in private medical institutions [20.6% vs 17.5%, 20.7% vs 8.1%, 33.8% vs 23.4%, 40.7% vs 27.3%, 7.1% vs 3.9%, 13.8% vs 4.7%, 6 (3, 11) years vs 5 (3, 8) years] (all P<0.05). In terms of business development, the implementation rates of preventive medical management, mental health management, hypertension risk management, health management contract service, pulmonary nodule management, health management intervention plan, health risk assessment, and health education programs in public institutions were significantly higher than those in private medical institutions (24.5% vs 0, 28.3% vs 0, 35.8% vs 15.2%, 39.6% vs 15.2%, 41.5% vs 12.1%, 50.9% vs 18.2%, 66.0% vs 36.4%, 83.0% vs 42.4%), and the annual health physical examination person-times, group and individual physical examination person-times in public institutions were significantly lower than those in private institutions [18 625 (11 844, 27 998) to 38 384 (10 832, 46 927), 14 818 (8 803, 23 915) to 28 663 (4 982, 41 927), 2 179 (1 221, 3 588) to 5 784 (1 461, 12 156)] (all P<0.05). Among the six quality control indicators of health examination, the completion rates of waist-hip circumference measurement in both types of institutions were low (<40%). Conclusion:Compared with public institutions, the talent echelon construction and service capability of health management (physical examination) in private medical institutions in Tianjin still needs to be improved.