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航空医学救援医疗装备的专家共识

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Author:: No author available

Journal Title:: Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

Issue:: 3

DOI:: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0282.2018.02.007

Key Word:: 航空医学;救援作业;专家共识

Abstract： 1航空医学救援相关概念航空医学救援(Air Ambulance)又称航空医疗救援、空中医学救援和空中医疗救援,是指利用航空飞行器提供紧急医疗服务和突发公共事件医疗救援,包括伤病员的生命支持、监护、救治和转运,特殊血液和移植器官的运输,以及急救人员、医疗装备和药品的快速运达,以排除交通、距离、地形等影响,缩短抢救转运时间,使病伤员尽快脱离灾害或危险,达到减少致残率和死亡率的目的,是一项对医务人员身心素质、操作技能和医疗装备等要求严格、专业性强的特殊医疗急救[1-4].具有快速、高效、灵活、及时、范围广、受地域影响小等特点,但易受到气象、航空管制、机降场、地面保障等因素的限制.根据航空飞行器类型,航空医学救援主要分为直升机航空医学救援(Helicopter Emergency Medical Service,HEMS)和固定翼航空医学救援(Fixed Wing Air Ambulance,FWAA)[1].直升机航空医学救援机动性强,但飞行半径小,机身空间小,所携的医疗装备和药品有限;固定翼航空医学救援飞行半径长,机身空间较大,必要的医疗装备可改装固定于机舱内部,但需要机降场等地面基础设施和指挥系统的支持,易受航空流量管制.目前,国内外航空医学救援以直升机为主,固定翼飞机和其他飞行器为辅[5].

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