Abstract： Objective To investigate clinical effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with sensitive antibiotic alveolar wash on severe craniocerebral injury complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods One hundred and eighty-seven patients with severe craniocerebral injury who were admitted to the Blue Cross Brain Hospital for treatment from January 2017 to November 2018 were selected as research subjects.The diagnostic criteria of all the recruited patients were in accordance with the expert consensus on patients with severe infection of China Neurological Surgery.The patients were randomized into 3 groups:the HBO + diluted antibiotic alveolar wash group (or group Ⅰ) (63 cases),the diluted antibiotic alveolar wash group (or group Ⅱ) (63 cases) and venous antibiotic infusion group (or group Ⅲ) (61 cases).After 30 days of treatment with the above-mentioned treatment profiles,arterial blood gas partial pressure,changes in GCS scores,mechanical ventilation time,length of ICU stay and clinical effects both before and after treatment were closely observed and compared between the 3 groups.Results After 3 courses of treatment,the levels of arterial blood gas partial pressure and GCS scores were all obviously increased as compared with those before treatment,and statistical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.01).The arterial blood gas partial pressure of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of the 2 other groups,also with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The mechanical ventilation time and length of ICU stay of the patients of group Ⅰ were considerably shorter than those of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,also with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Total efficacy rate of group Ⅰ (92.1％) was obviously higher than that those of group Ⅱ (84.1％)and group Ⅲ (77.1),also with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HBO combined with sensitive antibiotic alveolar wash in treatment of severe craniocerebral injury complicated with pulmonary infection could achieve significant effects.For this reason,it is worth further clinical extension.