Abstract： Objective To analyze the wound infection after orthopedic surgery and to provide the evidence to prevent and treat the wound infection for post-operative patients.Methods Between January 2009 and December 2011,the secretion of wound infection after orthopedic surgery was collected and sent to moicrobiology lab for detection according to the wound conditions of patients in Department of orthopedics of our hospital.Associated factors analysis of the distribution and drug-resistance of pathogens was performed.Results The infection of pathogenic microorganisms was associated with the classification of surgical wound.The infection rate of class Ⅰ wound was low,while the infection rates of classes Ⅱ and Ⅲ wounds were relatively higher [5.9 (14/237) vs 39.2％ (93/237),54.8％ (130/237),both P＜0.05].In the wound infection after surgery,the gram-positive bacteria was mainly Staphylococcus aureus and the gram-negative bacteria mainly E.coli.Conclusions There are various factors to cause wound infection after orthopedic surgery.Thus,great attentions should be paid to improve the immunity of patients.Furthermore,the individual treatment of antibiotics should be performed according to pathogenic bacteria.