Abstract： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still a disease of the highest morbidity and mortality in the world.COPD with various severity can have many complications, which include mild cognitive impairment (MCI). At present, smoking, hypoxemia, hypercapnia and others may be the mechanism of MCI.Furthermore, impaired cognitive function may affect the compliance of life of COPD patients, involving self-management and drug compliance.This review focused at the mechanism of COPD leading to MCI, MCI on compliance of COPD patients, the evaluation and the treatment methods of MCI, to provide better comprehensive management for patients with COPD, improve their prognosis and quality of life.