Abstract: Lung cancer is the malignant carcinoma with the highest incidence and mortality all over the world.Consequently,early diagnosis and treatment may be very useful in reducing the mortality and improving the survival quality of patients.Traditional diagnostic methods of lung cancer still be used in chinic now,including imaging examinations and pathological examinations.Because of the limitation in sensitivity,specificity,and adaptability,the molecule markers for early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer have received more and more attentions in recent years.In this article,the mechanism and application of thyroid transcription factor-1 in diagnosis,treatment,and evaluation of prognosis of lung cancer are reviewed.