Abstract： To investigate the expression of nucleolar and spindle?associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) in non?small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) and analyze its relationship with the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Methods Real?time fluorescent quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining were performed to determine the expression of NUSAP1 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues collected from hospital. The relationship between NUSAP1 expression and prognosis of NSCLC patients was analyzed by online database. Results The expression level of NUSAP1 mRNA in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that of adjacent tissues (P＜0.05). The high expression rate of NUSAP1 protein in NSCLC tissues was 58.0%( 29／50), significantly higher than 22.0%( 11／50) of adjacent tissues ( P＜0.05). The high expression of NUSAP1 protein in NSCLC tissues was closely correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage ( P＜0.05), but was not related to age and gender. The data showed that the expression level of NUSAP1 mRNA was inversely associated with the overall survival ( OS) of NSCLC patients ( P＜0.001). The expression of NUSAP1 mRNA was significantly correlated with the pathological grade, clinical stage, gender, chemotherapy, smoking history, and histological type of NSCLC patients (P＜0.05). Conclusions The expression of NUSAP1 is up?regulated in NSCLC, which is correlated with the growth and development of NSCLC and prognosis of the patients. These results indicate that NUSAP1 can be used as a potential prognostic marker for NSCLC.