Abstract： In recent years,with the improvement of screening and early diagnosis,the overall prognosis of breast cancer patients has been greatly improved in China.Breast reconstruction is an option to improve cosmetic outcomes and quality of life for the patients received mastectomy,this procedure has attracted a lot of attention.The breast reconstruction surgery is recommended by the 2018 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Breast Cancer in patients with appropriate indications.Despite the high proportion of breast reconstruction after mastectomy in western countries,Chinese breast surgeon should objectively understand the differences in breast structure and cultural backgrounds between Chinese and foreign women,and conduct rigorous clinical practice on the basis of calm thinking.In particular,it should be clearly recognized that we have more local advanced and high-risk cases in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.Making efforts to improve the overall survival for patients with breast cancer must be the top priority for our surgeon.Breast reconstruction for all patients without identifying the distinction of personal characters and indications should be avoided,and the pursuing of high proportion of clinical data with no consideration of the realities of clinical practice in China should also be avoided.The indication of breast reconstruction for breast cancer patients received mastectomy must be strictly determined by the surgeon.