Abstract： INTRODUCTION Lophomonas blattarum (L.blattarum) is a multiflagellated protozoan,which parasitizes in the intestinal tracts of termites and cockroaches,belonging to the Lophomonas suborder,Hypermastigida order.More than 100 cases of bronchopulmonary L.blattarum infection have been reported since 1993.However,we identified the movable cells from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of six patients with pulmonary diseases under an electron microscope,and eventually found that these cells were actually bronchial ciliated epithelial cells,which were basically identical with reported L.blattarum in morphology under light microscope in the literature.