Abstract： Objective:To observe the effect of endoscopic transnasal optic canal decompression (ETOCD) on the treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 47 patients with TON. The patients were divided into Non-surgical treatment group(16 eyes of 14 cases)and surgical treatment group(33 eyes of 33 cases, ETOCD).Results:In 47 cases of TON(49 eyes), 3 eyes' visual acuity was improved in non-operation(3/16);25 eyes' visual acuity was improved in operation group(8/33);the difference between the two groups was significant( P <0.05). Among the surgical treatment group, 16 eyes' visual acuity was improved in 21 eyes (16/21)with the interval time between injury and operation less than 72 hours. 9 eyes' visual acuity was improved in 12 eyes(9/12)with the time more than 72 hours after injury, there was no significant difference between the two groups( P >0.05). Conclusions:ETOCD has the advantages of minimally invasive, adequate surgical exposure and clear field, and also has a significant effect on patients who have been more than 72 hours after injury and less than two weeks.