Abstract: Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) is defined as Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) or tufted angioma (TA) associated with fatal thrombocytopenia, together with hypofibrinogenemia and consumptive coagulopathy. With a young onset age and a high fatality rate, KMP progresses rapidly and the wellbeing of children are seriously endangered. The precipitating factors of KMP have remained elusive. The treatment outcomes are poor and there is no unified and high-quality treatment guidelines. This review summarized the pathogenesis of KHE or TA and its concomitant KMP to provide theoretical rationales for proper clinical treatments.