Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical pathologic syndrome characterized by steatosis and storage of hepatic parenchymal cells due to liver damage caused by factors other than alcohol.In recent years,with the change of people's lifestyle,NAFLD has become a global public health problem.The incidence of NAFLD is associated with obesity,type-2 diabetes and other metabolic syndromes.More and more studies indicate that intestinal flora is closely related with the occurrence and development of NAFLD:(1) Intestinal flora can promote the energy metabolism of the host;(2) Intestinal flora can induce the body lipid metabolism disorders and liver cell lipid accumulation;and (3) Intestinal flora can increase the intestinal mucosal permeability and activate inflammation.This article summarizes the relationship between NAFLD and intestinal flora imbalance,which may be a new target for NAFLD treatment.