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Advance in plasticity of bone marrow stem cells and their transforming into liver cells

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Author:: No author available

Journal Title:: WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY

Issue:: 24

DOI:: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3079.2005.24.001

Key Word:: 干细胞;造血干细胞;骨髓基质干细胞;多能前体细胞;肝细胞;可塑性

Abstract：干细胞(stem cell)是指一类具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的细胞,在特定的条件下可以分化为不同的功能细胞,形成多种组织和器官.骨髓起源的干细胞即骨髓干细胞主要有三种:造血干细胞、骨髓基质干细胞和多能前体细胞.骨髓干细胞具有可塑性(plasticty),即在一定的条件下能转化为不同于其组织来源的细胞.目前有四种机制来解释骨髓干细胞可塑性:(1)多能组织干细胞在出生后可以存在于体内多种组织和器官中,它们的增殖与分化与各自的局部环境有关;(2)成体许多组织内余存一种稀有数量的原始干细胞,其类似于胚胎干细胞,始终保持着胚胎干细胞的特性,在不同的条件刺激下能分化为内胚层、中胚层、外胚层多种组织细胞;(3)组织干细胞可以经历去分化或转分化的过程,经过基因重组,转化为不同组织来源的细胞;(4)细胞融合改变细胞特性.目前体内外试验均证实了骨髓干细胞向肝细胞的转化.骨髓干细胞在体内或体外转化为肝细胞,为临床应用开辟了新的道路.

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