Abstract： Exosomes,a kind of vesicles,consist of a lipid bilayer membrane and can be released by various cells.They are a kind of subcellular structure in biological fluids,including proteins,lipids and nucleic acids.Researches have found that exosomes can mediate cell-to-cell communication and are involved in many processes,including inflammation,immune signaling,angiogenesis,stress response,senescence,cell proliferation and differentiation.With the development of relevant researches,more and more evidences have demonstrated that exosomes not only participate in the establishment,maintenance and modulation of autoimmune processes,but also play important roles in the occurrence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases.