Abstract: The apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family are a group of active antiviral proteins that can edit DNA and RNA sequences by deamidizing enzymes.The APOBEC-like 3 (APOBEC3) family was firstly noticed for its inhibitory effect against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.With the development of research,the APOBEC family have been found to play an important role in other viral infections closely related to human diseases,such as human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV),hepatitis C virus (HCV),hepatitis B virus (HBV),human papilloma virus (HPV),herpes simplex virus (HSV),etc.In addition,the editing function of the APOBEC family contributes not only to viral genetic diversity and evolution,but also to tumorigenesis.