Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD),a common cause of stroke and dementia,is a dynamic whole-brain dysfunction disease caused by the abnormity of the neurovascular unit.Chronic cerebral ischemia and hypoperfusion,endothelial dysfunction and blood-brain barrier(BBB)disruption are considered to be important pathogenic mechanisms.Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging technology can provide multi-parameter about perfusion information,observe the changes of BBB permeability and vascular reactivity,so that CSVD can be diagnosed earlier,the technology can also give opportunity to early reversal,and provide technical support for the verification of potential protective drug intervention.In this article,we reviewed the application and research progress of three different magnetic resonance perfusion imaging techniques in CSVD.