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Invasion and metastasis of human retinoblastoma

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Author:
No author available
Journal Title:
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OCULAR FUNDUS DISEASES
Issue:
1
DOI:
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2011.01.001
Key Word:
视网膜母细胞瘤/预防和控制;视网膜母细胞瘤/病理生理学;肿瘤转移;述评;Retinoblastoma/prevention & control;Retinoblastoma/pathophysiology;Neoplasm metastasis;Editorial

Abstract: Children with retinoblastoma (RB) typically survive their cancer due to advances in early diagnosis and treatment. Extraocular invasion and metastasis, and secondary malignant tumor carry a very high mortality rate. Prerequisites for metastasis include tumor initiating capacity, altered cellular adhesion and cell motility, resistance to extracellular death signals and disruption of the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. All those changes can be determined by the cell of origin and the genetic instability of the tumor, responding to the multiple layers of pressure such as hypoxia, from the tumor microenvironment or niche. The interaction between tumor cells and the tumor stroma is regulated by several metastasissuppressor proteins and microRNA. This knowledge has important implications for our understanding and the treatment of extraocular spreading of RB.

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