Abstract： Objective To investigate the maternal nutritional status and its influences on pregnancy outcomes in order to provide evidence for possible prenatal interventions.Methods A survey was conducted in 800 pregnant women,who presented at Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital between January 2006 to April 2008.The information of knowledge,attitude and behavior towards maternal nutrition were collected in 734 women and 571 women were followed up before 20 weeks of gestation,at 26-27 weeks,and 35-36 weeks to analyze the relationship between different nutrients and the pregnant outcomes.Results The questionnaire survey showed that women who had received higher education presented with better knowledge,attitude and behavior on maternal nutrition (P<0.05).Among the 734 women,39.2%(288) had poor knowledge,44.5%(326) were lack of knowledge,and 44.8%(358) with poor behavior.Prenatal diet analysis found that the percentage of these women with milk,fish and beans intake daily was 52.2%,34.3%,and 29.5%,respectively.Before 20 weeks of gestation,significant difference was identified only in the level of triglyceride among different BMI groups,and the higher the BMI,the higher the level of triglyeeride (P<0.01).With the progress of pregnancy,the level of serum ferritin and folic acid was decreasing (P<0.05),while the level of triglyceride and cholesterol was increasing (P<0.01).The newborn's birth weight was positively correlated to maternal BMI before 20 weeks (r=0.23,P<0.05),and higher BMI was a risk factor for abnormal birth weight (OR=4.051,95%CI:1.085～15.117,P<0.05) and also complicated with higher cesarean section rate than those women with lower or normal BMI (60.3%vs 29.4%and 34.7%,P<0.05).The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was increased with the reduced ferritin level (P<0.05).Conclusions The pregnancy outcomes can be improved through the following measures:appropriate control of the maternal weight before and during the pregnancy,increased intake of milk,fish,beans and so on,reduced intake of food containing abundant fat and sugar,more intake of red animal foodstuff,supplementation of folie acid,iron and calcium throughout the pregnancy,and prevention against high level of triglyceride and cholesterol.