Abstract： Objective To investigate the clinical significance of prenatal diagnosis of fetal renal cystic disease and its clinical prognosis.Methods Sixty-four pregnant women with fetal renal cystic disease were enrolled.Fetal autopsy was performed if the pregnancy was terminated required by the parents; otherwise,closed follow-up was provided and umbilical blood samples were collected for fetal karyotypes.Results Eight infants showed unilateral renal single cyst,3 of which had the cyst removed after birth and the rest 5 infants received no treatment.One case presented with local and multilocular cyst in the kidney,and the cyst was removed at one year old.Fifty-five infants were prenatally diagnosed as renal multiple cyst disease,36 of them were muhicystie dysplastic kidney(27 pregnancies were terminated,9 continued and nephrectomy was perfomed at 3～18 months after birth).Six cases of infant polycystic kidney disease were identified(4 cases were terminated,2 died at neonatal period and 13 months after birth,respectively).Aduh muhicystie dysplastie kidney was diagnosed in 10 cases(3 were terminated,1 died at neonatal period and 1 at 7 months after birth).Conclusions Fetal renal cystic disease has various types with different etiologies and clinieal outcomes.It is important to differentiate the types and causes of fetal cystic disease before appropriate prenatal consultation.