Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) with transcatheter treatment for early avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) and to investigate the mechanism.Methods The patients with early ANFH (n =74) were randomly divided into the treatment group(n =43) treated with GBE injection and control group(n =31) treated with Danshen injection.Papaverine,urokinase,654-2 and low molecular weight dextran were injected directly into the arteries supplying the femoral head.The clinical data,including clinical symptoms,angiography and the change of bone was collected for evaluating the efficacy of treatment.Results Compared with the treatment group,no significant difference in the angiography of arteries of the femoral heads and short term efficacy was found in the control group(P > 0.05) after interventional therapy.However,the improvement of bone in the images and long term efficacy were recorded in the treatment group(P < 0.05) after the treatment.Conclusion Transcatheter intra-arterial infusion with GBE is safe and effective for the treatment of early ANFH.