Abstract: Objective To discuss whether computer tomography (CT) imaging features can help diagnosis of positron emission tomography (PET) positive pulmonary malignant and benign granulomatous lesions.Methods We retrospectively identified 93 consecutive patients between January 2005 and February 2012 who had operation of a pulmonary nodule pathologically diagnosed of bronchogenic carcinoma or granuloma and preoperative feature with CT and PET.Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were finished.Results Totally 67.7 percent (65/96) ofnodules were carcinomas and 32.3% (31/96) were granulomas.The CT appearance was benign in 64.5% (20/31) of granulomas and 4.6% (3/65) of carcinomas (P < 0.01) ; negative predictive value (NPV) was 87.0%(20/23).Nonspiculated margin,irregular shape and solid attenuation had a NPV of 85.7% (12/14).Conclusions CT can reduce but cannot eliminate the possibility that a nodule is malignant.Nonspiculated margin,irregular shape and solid attenuation have a high NPV,which is the most valuable diagnostic CT imaging method to distinguish benign pulmonary nodule.