Abstract： Objective To investigate the incidence of depression among patients with "on-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis,so as to improve the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis by adopting proper psychological measures. Methods Totally, 110 patients with non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis were enrolled into this study along with 50 normal human controls.Three measurement mothods,including Hamilton depression scale(HAMD),self-rating depression scale (SDS)and Cattell 16 personality factors questionnaire(Cattell-16PF)were utilized to evaluate psychological condition of these patients.Kappa test was used to determine the consistency between HAMD and SDS.Results It was shown by HAMD that the incidence of depression and severe depression was 51.82%(57/110)and 10.09%(12/110),respectively,among patients.As SDS revealed,depression occurred in 48.18%(52/110)of the patients,and severe depression in 9.09%(10/1 10)of them.The kappa value was 0.82 and 0.87 for the incidence of depression and severe depression respectively between HAMD and SDS methods.Significant difference was observed by Cattell-16 PF in four personality idiosyncracies,i.e.stability,sensitivity.suspicion and tensity between the patients and controls.Conclusions There is obvious psychological abnormality,wnich is mostly characterized by depression,among patients with non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis.In clinical practice,physicians should try to find underlying psychological disorders in patients with urethritis/cervicitis,and develop relevant psychological strategies,besides potent medicines,to improve the outcome of treatment for urethritis/cervicitis.