Abstract： Objective To investigate the role of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary lymphoma and lymphoma-like lesion of the uterine cervix. Methods Three cases of primary cervical diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and two cases of cervical lymphoma-like lesion were retrospectively studied by detecting their PCRIgH rearrangement and chromosomal break of IgH, bcl-6, bcl-2 and mye genes with FISH. Results PCRIgH gene rearrangement analysis demonstrated that the monoclonal rearrangement of IgH gene was occurred in 3 cases of cervical lymphoma and 1 case of lymphoma-like lesion, Interphase FISH analysis detected IgH gene break and bcl-6 gene break in all the three cases of cervical lymphoma, while no specific chromosomal break of IgH, and bel-6, bcl-2 and myc genes was detected in two cases of cervical lymphoma-like lesion.Conclusion PCR-IgH gene rearrangement is not specific to cervical B-cell lymphoma. Analysis of IgH gene break and bcl-6 gene break with interphase FISH is helpful to differential diagnosis between B-cell lymphoma and lymphoma-like lesion of the uterine cervix.