Abstract： Objective To observe the surgical results of the patients with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV). Methods Clinical data of 16 eyes of 16 patients with PHPV who had undergone retina surgery were retrospectively analyzed.The patient,7 males and 9 females,aged from 3 months to 25 years with the average of 51.9 months.14 cases were single eye pathogenesis,2 cases were binocular pathogenesis.Of the 16 eyes,3 had anterior PHPV,13 had components of both anterior and posterior disease.In addition,10 eyes with cataract,7 eyes with posterior synechia,5 eyes with shallow anterior chamber.3 eyes with bandshaped degeneration of cornea, 1 eye with corneal opacity,2 eyes contractive retinal detachment,1 eye with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.The visual acuity was light sensation,hand move.counting fingers/lOcm and 0.02 in 1 eye respectively.12 eyes can not meet visual inspection.the reflection of strong light was not obvious.13 eyes underwent lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy.1 eye was implanted intraocular lens,3 eyes with retinal detachment underwent lensectomy,vitrectomy,photocoagulation,gas tamponade and scleral buckling.Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 4 years(mean 15.3 months). Results After surgery,all 16 eyes had normal intraocular pressure and anterior chamber,retinal attachment;two eyes achieved a visual acuity of 10/100 and 20/100;8 patients have the reflection of strong light who once didn't meet visual inspection:the visual acuity in 6 patients below counting fingers. Conclusions Surgical treatment of PHPV can prevent future glaucoma and hemorrhagic complications.It is useful to win functional visual acuity if it combined with ambtyopia training after surgery.