Abstract： Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Beijing population during routine medical examinations. Methods This was a cross-sectional study during a routine health examination at the Tongren Hospital of Beijing,from March 2014 to February 2015. Fundus photography was conducted by experienced ophthalmologists.Medical history,height,weight,waist and hip circumference,and blood pressure were recorded.Routine laboratory examinations were performed. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of diabetic retinopathy for each risk factor,adjusted for age and gender. Results The prevalence of DR was 7.0% among diabetic individuals.The multivariate analysis showed that disease durations[OR(95% CI),2.1 (1.564-2.752),P<0.001],fasting plasma glucose[1.2(1.093-1.273),P<0.001],body mass index[1.8(1.010-3.100),P=0.046],and triglyceride[0.794(0.638-0.987),P=0.038]were independently associated with DR. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and DR significantly increased in populations aged>30 years. Conclusion Fundus photography (nonmydriatic) should be recommended as a routine screening method for people 30 years and elder to effectively prevent occurrence of visual impairment and blindness.