Abstract： Objective To study the relationships of health risk factors and health-related presenteeism in medical personnel of a tertiary grade A hospital. Methods A literature review and expert consultation were used to identify 14 health risk factors included in the survey, and the Michigan's Health Risk Appraisal Questionnaire was modified. Medical personnel of a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing were selected for this cross-sectional study, including doctors, nurses, medical technicians, pharmacists, as well as scientific researchers, and staff members responsible for education, medical affairs, journal editors and other work. Physical measurement and questionnaire survey were conducted to collect demographic data, distribution of health risk factors of medical staff, and productivity information. Results Among 14 health risk factors, pressure or stress had the highest proportion (80.2%), followed by poor quality of sleep (63.7%), high blood lipid (33.8%), low physical activity (30.9%), and unreasonable diet (29.6%). Medical staff of different ages( c 2=16.141, P=0.001) and different occupations( c 2=15.982, P=0.003) had different probability of presenteeism. Medical staff under 30 years of age were most likely to be presenteeism (38.3%). The probability of presenteeism in nurse was the highest(56.2%). Under a high pressure and taking relax medicine seemed more likely to be presenteeism. Conclusion In the 14 kinds of health risk factors, pressure and taking relax medicine in medical staff may be associated with health-related presenteeism.