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Severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila with acute respiratory failure: clinical characteristics and prognosis of 34 cases

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Author:: No author available

Journal Title:: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Issue:: 7

DOI:: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200114-00023

Key Word:: 军团菌肺炎;呼吸功能不全;重症监护病房;Legionella pneumonia ;Respiratory insufficiency;Intensive care unit

Abstract： Objective:To describe the clinical characteristics and treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia(SCAP) caused by Legionella pneumophila with acute respiratory failure and to analyze the risk factors for mortality.Methods:From October 2011 to October 2019, 34 patients were diagnosed with SCAP caused by Legionella pneumophila with acute respiratory failure.There were 25 males and 9 females, aged from 17 to 82 years, with a median age of 61 (48, 69) years. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into a survival group and a death group for comparative analysis.The survival group included 24 patients, 17 males and 7 females, with a median age of 65 (55, 70) years. There were 10 cases in the death group, 8 males and 2 females, with a median age of 53 (50, 58) years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used for risk factors of ICU mortality.Results:The median time of admission to ICU was 7 (5, 11) days, the median time of stay in RICU was 12 (7, 22) days, and the PaO 2/FiO 2 was 134 (91, 216) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). Ten patients died during ICU hospitalization, with a mortality of 29%. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) of death group was 9 (7, 12), which was significantly higher than that of the survival group [4 (3, 8)], P=0.018. The time from onset of pneumonia symptoms to initiation of targeted treatment of the death group was 10 (7, 14) d, which was significantly longer than that of the survival group of [4 (3, 7) d], P=0.019. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that SOFA score ( OR=1.461, 95 %CI 1.041-2.051, P=0.028) and the time from onset of pneumonia symptoms to initiation of targeted treatment ( OR=1.293, 95 %CI 1.029-1.625, P=0.027) were independent risk factors for hospital mortality. Conclusions:The ICU mortality of severe legionella pneumonia was high. Critical organ dysfunctions and delayed initial targeted treatment were related with the increase of ICU mortality.

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