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超声检查在肺栓塞诊断中的应用进展

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Author:: No author available

Journal Title:: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Issue:: 9

DOI:: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.09.018

Key Word:: No keyword available

Abstract：肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)是有潜在生命威胁的心血管疾病[1],其症状和体征与多种疾病类似,易导致漏诊、误诊[2].至今,肺栓塞仍是死前未明确诊断的最常见死亡原因,即使在运用多排CT后,死前肺栓塞诊断的准确性只有59％[3].因此,肺栓塞的早期诊断、及时治疗对改善患者的预后尤为重要.当前,CT肺动脉造影(computerized tomography pulmonary angiography,CTPA)已成为肺栓塞诊断的一线影像学检查,结合临床可能性评估,其随访3个月的静脉血栓栓塞发生率仅0.6％,可安全地排除肺栓塞[4].但是CTPA检查存在一些不可避免的问题:如检查费用高,造影剂的使用可能会引起过敏反应和肾损伤,射线暴露会增加肿瘤的风险等.相比之下,超声检查具有易普及、无创、快捷、经济、可床边操作、无辐射等优点.近年来,超声检查在肺栓塞诊断中的临床应用已逐渐受到重视,本文就各种超声检查在诊断肺栓塞中的应用进展进行综述.

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