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气管支气管软化症与过度动态气道塌陷

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Author:: No author available

Journal Title:: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Issue:: 6

DOI:: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2017.06.014

Key Word:: No keyword available

Abstract：气管支气管软化症(tracheobronchomalacia,TBM)和过度动态气道塌陷(excessivedynamicairwaycollapse,EDAC)是指气道壁的结构完整性受损而导致慢性咳嗽、反复下呼吸道感染和呼吸困难的一种少见类型的气道狭窄,多发生于中央气道.具体来讲,TBM是指气管支气管软骨环完整性受到破坏而导致的气道扁平软化;EDAC是由于气道膜部受损造成其凸向管腔导致狭窄且超过50%的病理状态[1-2].目前认为,二者明显的不同之处在于病变累及的气道解剖部位不同.在某些气道狭窄严重的病例,可以同时出现气道软骨环破坏和膜部正常结构的受损[1-2].鉴于该类型气道狭窄临床表现呈多样性及缺乏特异性,容易误诊或漏诊,延误了对该类疾病的正确诊疗.因此本文对该类疾病的病因、病理生理、诊断分型及治疗进展等综述如下.

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