Abstract： The maritime search and rescue（SAR）preplan for drowned pilots is an action plan for future maritime SAR，which directly affects the efficiency of the SAR operation and the survival of pilots. Therefore，a scientific and reasonable SAR preplan is the key to enhancing the efficiency of such operations. The evaluation of the preplan is an important part in formulating and revising such a plan，and the evaluation index system is the foundation on which the evaluation is built. Considering the evaluation of maritime SAR preplans is highly demanding，involving multiple influential factors and a wide range of fields，this paper constructs an Evaluation Index System of Maritime SAR Preplan for Pilots Overboard based on the general method of building evaluation index system，which lays a foundation for the scientific and reasonable evaluation of maritime SAR preplans.