Abstract： Objective:To investigate the effects of early rehabilitation combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on neurological function recovery and prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) after emergency minimally invasive surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 121 HICH patients admitted to the departments of neurology and neurosurgery of Yantai Mountain Hospital and Laiyang Central Hospital from June 2016 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group ( n=64) and control group ( n=57), according to their treatment. The patients in the control group were given early conventional rehabilitation treatment and electrostimulation after removal of intracranial hematoma by emergency minimally invasive intervention, while the patients in the observation group were given HBO treatment on the basis of the treatment in the control group. Six months after operation, the Chinese Medical Association neurological deficit score was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy. The National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) and mini & mental state examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the psychological improvement of the two groups. The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function of the two groups. The activities of daily living (ADL) scale was used to evaluate the activities of daily living of the two groups. The short form (SF-36) was used to evaluate the quality of life of the two groups six months after operation. Results:Six months after operation, the total effective rate of the observation group (87.5%) was higher than that of the control group (75.4%), with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Six months after operation, the NHISS and MMSE scores in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group ( P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the MoCA and ADL scores of both groups were significantly increased six months after operation ( P<0.05); and these scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The general health, vitality, physical functioning, role physical, mental health, role emotional, social functioning, and bodily pain scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Early rehabilitation combined with HBO treatment after emergency minimally invasive surgery can promote the recovery of nerve cell function in patients with HICH, restore their life skills, enhance their motor function, thus improving their activities of daily living.