Abstract： Objective:To explore a rational, standardized, and effective medical therapy pathway for the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers.Methods:Three key points of treatment were determined through the analysis of the etiology and pathophysiology of recurrent aphthous ulcers, namely, controlling the further development of necrotic inflammation in recurrent aphthous ulcer, repairing the damaged oral mucosa, and preventing or reducing recurrence. A total of 30 prescriptions written by stomatologists for recurrent aphthous ulcers in a level-3 grade A hospital were analyzed and evaluated, especially the problems in those prescriptions.Results:The validity score of those 30 prescriptions was 45, accounting for 50% of the full-point of effectiveness (90 points). The scores of applying non-therapeutic drugs were deducted by 44 points, which should be 0 point as the standard point, according to the principle of rational drug use.Conclusion:In the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers, there is still some irrational drug use or drug abuse, therefore, it is necessary to establish a set of standards for drug treatment.