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基于不同模型的多种新型MR扩散成像的原理与临床应用

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Author:: No author available

Journal Title:: Chinese Journal of Radiology

Issue:: 11

DOI:: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1201.2017.11.019

Key Word:: No keyword available

Abstract： DWI是目前唯一能够无创性对活体组织内水分子扩散运动进行检测的功能性成像技术.单指数DWI运用单指数函数进行拟合,具有模型简洁、图像重建速度快的优势,适合临床相关疾病(如超急性期脑梗死、脑脓肿等)的快速诊断与筛查.同时,在单指数扩散成像基础上通过图像拼接技术、改进信号采集方式和脂肪抑制技术发展而来的背景抑制全身扩散加权成像技术(diffusion weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression,DWIBS),因其成像效果与PET类似,故有"类PET"之称[1].DWIBS技术在肿瘤的诊断与分期、治疗效果评估和监测肿瘤复发等方面也具有较大临床价值[2-3].扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)在单指数扩散成像的基础上,利用各向异性扩散张量重建组织微观结构[4].DTI利用水分子扩散的各向异性能够反映脑白质纤维的完整性,有助于肿瘤的诊断与分级,在阿尔茨海默病、癫痫和多发性硬化症等疾病的诊断中发挥重要作用.

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