Abstract： It is estimated that 130-150 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide.During the late 1980s and early 1990s,illegal commercial plasma or blood donation practices were common in selected rural areas of China,which caused a rapid spread of HCV infection.Cross-sectional studies have showed that the prevalence rates of HCV infection in former paid plasma or blood donors varied from 9.6％ to 72.8％.Chronic HCV infection can cause cirrhosis,liver failure,and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and is a major global health problem.Eradicating HCV can prevent decompensation of cirrhosis,HCC,and death.[q The availability of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has significantly increased sustained virological response rates and decreased the complexity and adverse effects of HCV treatment.Much of the current debate on HCV treatment focuses on the high cost of these drugs,but even if the cost of HCV drugs is affordable,treatment would only benefit infected persons who have been diagnosed,have access to care,and wish to be treated.Despite the availability of effective treatments for HCV,globally no more than 15％ of those infected are aware of their status and no more than 20％ of those diagnosed have been treated.