Importance of Sample Size for the Estimation of Repeater F Waves in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Author:
- No author available
- Journal Title:
- Chinese Medical Journal
- Issue:
- 4
- DOI:
- 10.4103/0366-6999.151107
- Key Word:
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;Repeater F waves;Upper Motor Neuron
Abstract： Background:In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),repeater F waves are increased.Accurate assessment of repeater F waves requires an adequate sample size.Methods:We studied the F waves of left ulnar nerves in ALS patients.Based on the presence or absence of pyramidal signs in the left upper limb,the ALS patients were divided into two groups:One group with pyramidal signs designated as P group and the other without pyramidal signs designated as NP group.The Index repeating neurons (RN) and Index repeater F waves (Freps) were compared among the P,NP and control groups following 20 and 100 stimuli respectively.For each group,the Index RN and Index Freps obtained from 20 and 100 stimuli were compared.Results:In the P group,the Index RN (P =0.004) and Index Freps (P =0.001) obtained from 100 stimuli were significantly higher than from 20 stimuli.For F waves obtained from 20 stimuli,no significant differences were identified between the P and NP groups for Index RN (P =0.052) and Index Freps (P =0.079); The Index RN (P ＜ 0.001) and Index Freps (P ＜ 0.001) of the P group were significantly higher than the control group; The Index RN (P =0.002) of the NP group was significantly higher than the control group.For F waves obtained from 100 stimuli,the Index RN (P ＜ 0.001) and Index Freps (P ＜ 0.001) of the P group were significantly higher than the NP group; The Index RN (P ＜ 0.001) and Index Freps (P ＜ 0.001) of the P and NP groups were significantly higher than the control group.Conclusions:Increased repeater F waves reflect increased excitability of motor neuron pool and indicate upper motor neuron dysfunction in ALS.For an accurate evaluation of repeater F waves in ALS patients especially those with moderate to severe muscle atrophy,100 stimuli would be required.
- [1]LIU Ming-sheng,CUI Li-Ying.Electrophysiological, pathological, and molecular study in diagnosis of neuromuscular disease[J].2012,(18).
- [2]崔丽英,刘明生,汤晓芙.Single fiber electromyography in 78 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J].2004,(12).
- [3]B R, Brooks,R G, Miller,M, Swash,etc.El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.[J].2000,1(5).
- [4]Elisabeth Chroni,Erik St?lberg,Isabel Serrano Tendero,etc.Usefulness of assessing repeater F-waves in routine studies.[J].2012,45(4).
- [5]J H, Petajan.F-waves in neurogenic atrophy.[J].1985,8(8).
- [6]Sekiguchi,Y.,Shibuya,K.,Iwai,Y.,etc.Split hand syndrome in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Different excitability changes in the thenar and hypothenar motor axons[J].2013,84(9).
- [7]Ibrahim Ibrahim K.,El-Abd Mohamed A. R..Giant Repeater F-Wave in Patients with Anterior Horn Cell Disorders[J].1997.
- [8]M A, Fisher.AAEM Minimonograph #13: H reflexes and F waves: physiology and clinical indications.[J].1992,15(11).
- [9]Foster SS,Chung RS,King AE,etc.Neuron-glia interactions underlie ALS-like axonal cytoskeletal pathology.[J].2011,32(3).
- [10]Chio A,Hecht M,Weber M,etc.Neurophysiological measures in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Markers of progression in clinical trials[J].2005,6(1).
- [11]Makridou A,Argyriou AA,Karanasios P,etc.F-wave characteristics as surrogate markers of spasticity in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.[J].2010,27(2).
- [12]Dengler R,Mills K,England JD,etc.Electrodiagnostic criteria for diagnosis of ALS.[J].2008,119(3).
- [13]Su,X.W.,Broach,J.R.,Connor,J.R.,etc.Genetic heterogeneity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Implications for clinical practice and research[J].2014,49(6).
- [14]S Peioglou-Harmoussi,P R Fawcett,D Howel,etc.F-response frequency in motor neuron disease and cervical spondylosis.[J].1987,50(5).
- [15]Kiernan, M. C.,Vucic, S.,Cheah, B. C.,etc.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J].2011,377(9769).
- [16]Vivian E Drory,Ivan Kovach,Galina B Groozman.Electrophysiologic evaluation of upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J].2001,2(3).
- [17]D A, Delio,M G, Fiori,H E, Lowndes.Motor unit function during evolution of proximal axonal swellings.[J].1992,109(1).
- [18]Nixon RA,Rao MV.Defective neurofilament transport in mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a review.[J].2003,28(7).
- [19]R, Ahdab,A, Créange,C, Saint-Val,etc.Rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral sclerosis initially masquerading as a demyelinating neuropathy.[J].2013,43(3).
- [20]Elisabeth Chroni,Nicholas Taub,Chrysostomos P. Panayiotopoulos.The importance of sample size for the estimation of F wave latency parameters in the ulnar nerve[J].1994,17(12).
- [21]Menke,R.A.L.,K?rner,S.,Filippini,N.,etc.Widespread grey matter pathology dominates the longitudinal cerebral MRI and clinical landscape of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J].2014,137(9).
- [22]Morris A. Fisher,Bruce Hoffen,Cheryl Hultman.Normative F wave values and the number of recorded F waves[J].1994,17(10).
- [23]Chroni E,Argyriou AA,Talelli P,etc.F wave study in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: assessment of balance between upper and lower motor neuron involvement.[J].2006,117(6).
- [24]T Yokota,A Inaba,N Yuki,etc.The F wave disappears due to impaired excitability of motor neurons or proximal axons in inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies.[J].1996,60(6).
- [25]B?umer,D.,Talbot,K.,Turner,M.R..Advances in motor neurone disease[J].2014,107(1).