Abstract: Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a general intravenous anesthetic which plays roles in the central neural system by binding GABAA receptors (GABAARs) and enhancing the chloride channels of the neurons.1 Previous studies mainly focused on the effects of anesthetics on mature neurons,but little attention was paid to their role in early neural differentiation or neural stem cells.Therefore,in the present study,we choose the widely used mouse embryonic cells (ES) cells as the model to investigate the potential effect ofpropofol on neuronal differentiation.