Determination of drug concentration in aqueous humor of cataract patients administered gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel
- Author:
- No author available
- Journal Title:
- CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
- Issue:
- 15
- DOI:
- 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2010.15.027
- Key Word:
- gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel;endophthalmitis;cataract surgery;quinolones
Abstract： Background Ophthalmic gel has been developed to increase the drug concentration in aqueous humor and to retard the loss of drug from the conjunctival sac.The research was to compare the drug concentration in aqueous humor of cataract patients administered 0.3% gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel with that in patients administered 0.3% gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution.Methods Ninety-six patients with cataract (96 eyes) were randomly assigned to 8 groups.The patients in groups 1-4received topical gatifloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic gel and those in groups 5-8 received gatifloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution.The dose regimen was 1 drop, 4 times a day for 3 consecutive days prior to cataract surgery.On the day of surgery, 1drop was applied at 15, 30, 60 or 120 minutes before commencement of cataract surgery in groups 1 and 5, groups 2 and 6, goups 3 and 7, and groups 4 and 8, respectively.Aqueous humor was extracted during the cataract surgery for the analysis of gatifloxacin concentration..Results The concentrations of gatifloxacin in aqueous humor were (0.24±0.25) μg/ml, (1.11±0.74) μg/ml, (2.32±2.01)μg/ml and (1.85±1.14) μg/ml in groups 1 to 4, and (0.16±0.25) μg/ml, (0.31±0.24) μg/ml, (0.75±0.28) μg/ml and (0.33±0.22) μg/ml in groups 5 to 8, respectively.Patients receiving gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel showed greater mean values of gatifloxacin concentration in aqueous humor than those receiving gatifloxacin solution, and such differences were significant with P ＜0.05 for all comparisons except that between groups 1 and 5.Conclusion Topical gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel can attain significantly greater drug concentrations in human aqueous humor than gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution.
- [1]张青,程艳玲,白若琬,等.加替沙星眼用凝胶药动学研究[J].2007,(24).
- [2]高静,储藏,丁雪鹰,等.盐酸左氧氟沙星眼用即形凝胶在兔眼房水内的药动学[J].2007,(22).
- [3]Tiago Eugênio Faria e, Arantes,Ronald Fonseca, Cavalcanti,Maria de Fátima Alves, Diniz,etc.Conjunctival bacterial flora and antibiotic resistance pattern in patients undergoing cataract surgery.[J].1900,69(1).
- [4]Jensen MK,Fiscella RG,Mooney B,etc.Third- and fourth-generation fluoroquinolones: retrospective comparison of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery performed over 10 years.[J].2008,34(9).
- [5]Kangave D,Al Rajhi AA,Al Mezaine HS,etc.Acute-onset nosocomial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: incidence, clinical features, causative organisms, and visual outcomes.[J].2009,35(4).
- [6]Blondeau JM,Hedlin P.Comparative minimal inhibitory and mutant prevention drug concentrations of four fluoroquinolones against ocular isolates of Haemophilus influenzae.[J].2007,33(3).
- [7]Bloom A,Donnenfeld ED,Snyder RW,etc.Penetration of topically applied gatifloxacin 0.3%, moxifloxacin 0.5%, and ciprofloxacin 0.3% into the aqueous humor.[J].2005,112(3).
- [8]S S, Chrai,J R, Robinson.Ocular evaluation of methylcellulose vehicle in albino rabbits.[J].1974,63(8).
- [9]Holland EJ,Raizman M,Lane SS,etc.Ocular penetration and pharmacokinetics of topical gatifloxacin 0.3% and moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solutions after keratoplasty.[J].2008,27(3).
- [10]Sakamoto M,Kubota A,Nakazawa T,etc.Susceptibility comparisons of normal preoperative conjunctival bacteria to fluoroquinolones.[J].2009,35(3).
- [11]Kodjikian L,Salvanet-Bouccara A,Grillon S,etc.Postcataract acute endophthalmitis in France: national prospective survey.[J].2009,35(1).
- [12]Mah FS.Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones: new topical agents in the war on ocular bacterial infections.[J].2004,15(4).
- [13]Dick JD,Kim DH,O'Brien TP,etc.Aqueous penetration and biological activity of moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution and gatifloxacin 0.3% solution in cataract surgery patients.[J].2005,112(11).
- [14]Lim JA,Joo CK,Park SH,etc.The resistance patterns of normal ocular bacterial flora to 4 fluoroquinolone antibiotics.[J].2009,28(1).
- [15]J J, Schentag.Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic predictors of antimicrobial efficacy: moxifloxacin and Streptococcus pneumoniae.[J].2002,14 Suppl 2.
- [16]Mizuki N,Teshigawara T,Hitoi K,etc.Penetration of gatifloxacin eye drops into the aqueous humor in humans.[J].2007,15(4).
- [17]Aparna, Duggirala,Joveeta, Joseph,Savitri, Sharma,etc.Activity of newer fluoroquinolones against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from ocular infections: an in vitro comparison.[J].1900,55(1).
- [18]Florian Gurtler,Vassilios Kaltsatos,Bernard Boisramé,etc.Long-acting soluble bioadhesive ophthalmic drug insert (BODI) containing gentamicin for veterinary use: optimization and clinical investigation[J].1995,33(2).
- [19]Chung JL,Yong DE,Seo KY.Antibiotic susceptibility of conjunctival bacterial isolates from refractive surgery patients.[J].2009,116(6).
- [20]Yamada M,Hatou S,Yoshida J.In vitro susceptibilities of bacterial isolates from conjunctival flora to gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, tosufloxacin, and moxifloxacin.[J].2008,34(2).
- [21]Kowalski RP,Yates KA,Romanowski EG,etc.An ophthalmologist's guide to understanding antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration data.[J].2005,112(11).
- [22]Jones RN,Gales AC,Sader HS,etc.Changing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae from Brazil: Report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1998-2004).[J].2006,12(2).
- [23]Hwang DG.Fluoroquinolone resistance in ophthalmology and the potential role for newer ophthalmic fluoroquinolones.[J].2004,49(Suppl.2).