Abstract： @@ The effects of calcium on parathyroid hormone (PTH) has further discovered in recent years. It has been known that calcium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid is a major determinant of PTH secretion. The relationship between serum intact PTH (iPTH) and calcium ion levels is described by a sigmoidal curve. The calcium concentration that produces half-maximal change in PTH release (the midpoint between maximal and minimal change in PTH release) represents the sensitivity of parathyroid cells to serum calcium. In secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) patients, higher calcium concentrations are needed to suppress PTH secretion, as demonstrated by the PTH-calcium sigmoidal curve. The loss of physiological control over the secretory function and growth of parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroid disease is still incompletely understood.