Abstract： Objective:To explore the influencing factors of body fat rate in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.Methods:This study was a retrospective case-control study.A total of 83 patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD), including 44 males and 39 females, aged(57.92±12.15) years old, ranging from 26 to 80 years old, were selected from the department of nephrology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from January 2016 to December 2020.According to WHO adult male and female obesity standards, 83 CAPD patients were divided into obese group( n=31) and non-obese group( n=52).The general indexes, dialysis related indexes and clinical characteristic indexes of the two groups were compared. Results:The age, the proportion of females, body mass index, waist circumference, cone index, body fat rate, fat mass, fat index, total protein, triglyceride, cholesterol, C-reactive protein(CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the obese group[(62.30±11.13)years old, 61.3%, (26.05±3.39)kg/m 2, (87.17±8.26)cm, 1.21±0.10, (33.35±6.82)%, (23.72±4.51)kg, (8.71±2.23)kg/m 2, (69.93±9.55)g/L, (2.64±1.68)mmol/L, (4.60±0.96)mmol/L, (10.87±8.17)mmol/L, (48.23±29.04)mm/h] were higher than those in the non-obese group[(55.43±12.09)years old, 38.5%, (23.74±4.15)kg/m 2, (75.41±8.19)cm, 1.10±0.78, (21.25±8.13)%, (13.98±5.79)kg, (5.16±2.30)kg/m 2, (65.37±8.75)g/L, (1.89±0.86)mmol/L, (4.20±0.77)mmol/L, (6.36±5.41)mmol/L, (34.56±26.04)mm/h] , lean body mass, lean body index, intracellular fluid volume, blood creatinine, high density lipoprotein, blood phosphorus level and calcium phosphorus product[(44.86±9.87)kg, 16.49±2.81, (20.94±4.63)L, (710.90±161.72)μmol/L, (1.05±0.26)mmol/L, (1.46±0.26)mmol/L, (3.18±0.63)mmol 2/L 2] were all lower than those in the non-obese group[(50.30±11.75)kg, (17.82±2.98)kg/m 2, (23.61±5.52)L, (836.53±247.56)μmol/L, (1.29±0.21)mmol/L, (1.63±0.36)mmol/L, (3.53±0.76)mmol 2/L 2], the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05).CRP was positively correlated with body fat rate, waist circumference, fat mass, fat index and taper index.Body fat rate was positively correlated with triglyceride and cholesterol. Conclusions:Body fat rate is an important index reflecting the risk of of CAPD patients′ cardiovascular event.