Abstract： Objective:To investigate the detection of human papillomavirus(HPV)E6/E7 mRNA and high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)in abnormal thinprep cytologic test(TCT)for cervical lesions in postmenopausal women.Methods:This study was a retrospective study, from January 2019 to April 2019, 502 patients with abnormal TCT, aged(56.05±8.46)years old, ranging from 45 to 74 years old, were selected from the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command.HPV E6/E7 mRNA, HR-HPV and pathological examination were performed in all patients.Results:Of the 502 patients, 102 were normal and inflammatory, 64 were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(LSIL), 320 were high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL), and 16 were cervical carcinoma.The positive rates of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HR-HPV in different pathological types were significantly different( P<0.001). The differences between normal and inflammatory, LSIL were significantly different( P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in HSIL( P>0.05). The positive rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA(53.1%+ 39.2%)was significantly lower than that of HR-HPV(95.3%+ 66.7%)in LSIL and below, the positive rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA(100%+ 98.1%)was higher than that of HR-HPV(100%+ 95.6%), the difference was not statistically significant( P>0.05). The positive rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA was lower in LSIL and lower than that in HSIL and higher than that in HR-HPV test, the differences were statistically significant( P<0.001). The specificity[55.4%(92/166)], positive predictive value[80.9%(330/408)]and negative predictive value[97.9%(92/94)]of HPV E6/E7 mRNA were higher than those of HR-HPV[22.3%(37/166), 71.4%(322/408), 72.5%(37/51)], the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05), and the sensitivity[98.2%(330/336)]was lower than that of HR-HPV[98.8%(332/336)], and the difference was not statistically significant( P>0.05). Conclusions:HPV E6/E7 mRNA was correlated with the pathological diagnosis of cervical lesions, and TCT combined with HPV E6/E7 mRNA had higher diagnostic value in cervical lesions screening of postmenopausal women.