Abstract： Objective:To investigate the application of propofol combined with oxycodone in the operation of depressed skull fractures in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 90 children with depressed skull fracture surgery in the department of Anesthesiology, Children′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Children′s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children′s Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 was performed.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.There were 47 males and 43 females, aged(2.18±0.27)years old, ranging from 1 to 4 years old.The children were divided into propofol single-drug group( n=44)and oxycodone combination group( n=46)according to the different anesthetic drugs.Children in the propofol monotherapy group received propofol anesthesia maintenance, and the oxycodone combination group received propofol combined with oxycodone anesthesia maintenance.Compare the anesthesia effects of the two groups of children[breathing recovery time, eye opening time, extubation time, intraoperative mean arterial pressure(MAP), intraoperative center rate], biochemical indicators[myelin basic protein(MBP), neuron specific sex enolase(NSE), acid calcium binding protein(S-100β)] and the occurrence of adverse reactions after surgery. Results:Breathing recovery time[(4.25±0.53)h], opening time[(6.38±1.21)h], extubation time[(7.02±1.93)h] in oxycodone combination group were shorter than those in propofol single-drug group[(5.64±0.51)h, (8.94±1.26)h, (9.87±1.98)h], intraoperative MAP[(76.53±1.02)mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa] and intraoperative heart rate[(83.61±7.09)times/min] were significantly lower than those in propofol single-drug group[(81.51±10.17)mmHg, (92.87±7.02)times/min], ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of MBP[(14.98±2.87)μg/L], NSE[(23.18±4.19)μg/L] and S-100β[(1.42±0.33)μg/L] in the oxycodone combination group were lower than those in the propofol ingle-drug group[(18.63±2.81)μg/L, (29.87±4.15)μg/L, (1.68± 0.32)μg/L], the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups( P>0.05). Conclusion:Propofol combined with oxycodone in operation of depressed skull fracture in children has good anesthetic effect and short anesthesia recovery time, which can stabilize vital signs and alleviate the stress.