Abstract： Objective To investigate the effect of breast conserving surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy on the prognosis of early breast cancer patients.Methods From January 2009 to December 2013,89 patients with early breast cancer treated as the research object,89 patients with early breast cancer were selected as the research object,according to different operation methods were divided into 2 groups,the observation group of 47 were gived the treatment of the breast conserving surgery combined with chemotherapy,the control group of 42 cases were gived the treatment of modified radical mastectomy combined with chemotherapy.The operation,breast beauty effect and survival rate, recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate were compared between the 2 groups.Results In the observation group the operative time,blood loss,hospitalization time were lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the observation group,the excellent and good rate was 82.98%,which was significantly higher than control group 61.90%,the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05);after the two groups of patients with postoperative complication rate and postoperative 1,2 year survival rate, recurrence rate,distant metastasis rate difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion Breast conserving surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy and modified radical surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of early breast cancer,but Bao milk surgery on patients with injury lighter and breast cosmetic effect is better than that of the modified radical mastectomy,it is worthy of attention.