Abstract： Objective To investigate the differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways in monocytes of patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI) and heart failure (HF).Methods The GSE59867 gene-chip dataset was obtained from the GEO database.Based on dataset screening,patients with OMI and HF were included as the HF group,those with stable coronary heart disease as the control group,and the OMI patients without HF were included as non-HF group.The differentially expressed genes were screened by GEO2R tool.The DAVID and STRING analysis platforms were used to perform gene ontology (GO) analysis,KEGG pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis.Results Compared with the control group,the gene expression levels in peripheral blood monocytes in HF group was mainly down-regulated,and 16 down-regulated genes were screened.Compared with the non-HF group,14 down-regulated genes were screened in the HF group.The hub genes in each group were determined,respectively,and were found to be highly overlapping in the two groups,including HBA1,HBA2,HBB,HBE1,HBG1,HBG2,HBD,AHSP,HP,HBZ,and CA1.The hub genes were mainly involved in biological processes covering hemoglobin expression,oxygen transport,peroxide decomposition,and resistance to malaria and African trypanosomiasis.Conclusion Low expression of hemoglobin family genes in peripheral blood monocytes may be a potential research and therapeutic target for patients with OMI and HF.