Abstract: Fructose intake has increased dramatically over the past century and the upward trend has continued until recently.Increasing evidence suggests that the excessive intake of fructose induces salt-sensitive hypertension.While the underlying mechanism is complex,the kidney likely plays a major role.This review will highlight recent advances in the renal mechanisms of fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension,including (pro)renin receptor-dependent activation of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system,increased nephron Na+ transport activity via sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 and Na/K/2Cl cotransporter,increased renal uric acid production,decreased renal nitric oxide production,and increased renal reactive oxygen species production,and suggest actions based on these mechanisms that have therapeutic implications.