Abstract： AIM To investigate the association of periampullary diverticula (PAD) with pancreaticobiliary diseases as well as the impact of PAD on the technical success and complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).METHODS A total of 1455 consecutive patients who underwent ERCP from January 2016 to December 2016 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into a PAD group (n =293) and a non-PAD group (n =1162) according to the presence or absence of PAD.The rate of pancreaticobiliary diseases was analyzed and compared between the PAD group and non-PAD group,and the technical success rate of ERCP and the incidence of postoperative complications were also compared.RESLILTS The rate of PAD increased with age (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rates of suppurative cholangitis and acute pancreatitis (AP) and carcinoma of the pancreatic head in patients with PAD were significantly higher than those in patients without (P ＜ 0.05).The rates of postoperative complications,such as hemorrhage,perforation,post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and hyperamylasemia,were significantly higher in patients with PAD (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences was observed in the success rate of ERCP (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION PAD is associated with an increased rate of pancreaticobiliary diseases as well as the occurrence of postoperative complications of ERCP.However,the presence of PAD dose not affect the technical success rate of ERCP.