Abstract: Dandruff is characterized by a flaky scalp with pruritus.The aetiology of dandruff is multifactorial,and mainly associated with skin microbiome and skin barrier.Skin microbiome is a complex ecological system consisting of microorganisms and their habitats.As an important barrier,the skin can defend our body against extrinsic physical and chemical assaults,and prevent water loss.The changes in skin microbial communities and quantity can influence skin barrier function,which inversely affects microbial colonization,and both of them are involved in the development of dandruff.